美国国会众议院就专利被启用的含义发表意见

了解《捍卫商业秘密法》(DTSA)规定的举报人豁免权
Last Updated: 11 月 9, 2025
Updated by: Chris Buntel

Table Of Content

One of the basic requirements of US patents is that they be “enabled”.  This “enablement” allows one of ordinary skill in the art to read the patent and be able to make and use the described technology without undue experimentation. Basically, it shouldn’t be too hard to get the invention to work after you read the patent.

美国最高法院最近确认了联邦上诉法院关于安进公司两项专利无效的裁决。 这两项专利通过氨基酸序列明确描述了 26 种抗体,但权利要求涵盖了大量抗体。

这两项专利声称,抗体能与 PCSK9(一种天然存在的蛋白质)的特定序列结合,并阻止 PCSK9 与低密度脂蛋白受体结合。 这种抗体可用于治疗低密度脂蛋白胆固醇过高的患者。

法院认为,权利要求的功能性语言涵盖了大量抗体,26 个特定的抗体序列根本无法使其生效。

虽然此案具体涉及专利问题,但 Tangibly 的首席执行官问我,这是否隐含着商业秘密的角度。

在撰写专利申请时,总会遇到一些矛盾。 一方面,专利申请人希望披露尽可能多的细节,以满足授权要求。 另一方面,申请人可能希望对发明的某些方面保密,以进一步在竞争中取得优势。

授权/披露越好,商业秘密就越弱。 同样,商业秘密越强,授权越弱。 与通常的 "专利或商业秘密 "二元论相比,这是一种更细致入微的思维方式。 它几乎就像一个转盘,而不是一个开关。


 

资料来源

https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-757_k5g1.pdf

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