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何もしないのは "合理的 "ではない

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Last updated on: 9月 8, 2023
Author: Chris Buntel

This article is part of Tangibly’s Guest Series. Read the original article here.

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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner css=”%7B%22default%22%3A%7B%22margin-bottom%22%3A%222rem%22%7D%7D”][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]I love the expression “perfect is the enemy of good”. This means that if you insist on everything being absolutely perfect, nothing will actually get done including perfectly good improvements. The expression goes back to at least 1772 in a poem “La Begueule” by Voltaire. While the poem certainly wasn’t about confidential information and trade secrets, the expression applies perfectly.

どの営業秘密法も、貴社の貴重な営業秘密の保護に完璧を要求するものではない。要求される注意の基準は「合理的な措置」であり、「究極的な措置」や「完全な措置」ではない(例えば、米国 DTSA 18 U.S.C. 1839(3)(A)及び UTSA 1 条(4)(ii)を参照)。

Many people starting their trade secret journey become paralyzed by fear, opting to do nothing. They ask many hypothetical “what if” questions like “what if I miss cataloging one trade secret?” or “what if an employee does not complete the trade secret training course?” or “what if a contributor does not acknowledge that the asset is a trade secret?”. They end up doing nothing to protect these valuable assets.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][us_image image=”460″ size=”medium” link=”%7B%22url%22%3A%22%22%7D”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=”%7B%22default%22%3A%7B%22margin-bottom%22%3A%222rem%22%7D%7D”][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]

何もしないでいると、悲惨な結果を招きかねない。

RV Horizons, Inc. v. Smithでは、RV Horizons社が争点となっている投資家リストへのアクセスを制限した具体的な証拠を提出せず、守秘義務契約、従業員ハンドブック、トレーニングの証拠もなく、RV Horizons社が投資家リストが企業秘密であることを被告に伝えた証拠もないため、略式判決で被告が勝訴した。Civ.A. No. 18-cv-02780-NYW, 2020 WL 6701119, at *26-27 (D. Colo. Nov. 13, 2020).

Many other examples exist – doing nothing gets you nothing in protecting your assets.[/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]

少なくとも合理的であれ

現実には、「合理的な措置」はどこにも明確に定義されておらず、事実や状況に左右される。どの程度の労力が「合理的」であるかは、様々な要因によって決定される。企業秘密は多いのか少ないのか?その業界は競争が激しく、企業スパイや従業員の引き抜きが多いのか?その企業は巨大な多国籍企業で多くのリソースを有しているのか、それともガレージで2人で必死に生き延びている新興企業なのか?

Certainly doing nothing is not reasonable. You can always provide more-than-reasonable protection to your trade secrets, but at least take reasonable steps.[/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]

裁判所は完璧を求めない。

A classic hallmark case dates all the way back to 1970 in E.I. du Pont deNemours & Co. v. Christopher. Here, the defendant flew over a du Pont facility that was under construction and took aerial photos to learn about du Pont’s manufacturing process trade secrets. The court held that “Reasonable precautions against predatory eyes we may require, but an impenetrable fortress is an unreasonable requirement, and we are not disposed to burden industrial inventors with such a duty in order to protect the fruits of their efforts.” See 431 F.2d 1012 (5th Cir. 1970).[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][us_image image=”461″ link=”%7B%22url%22%3A%22%22%7D”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]

何とかしてくれ!

機密情報や企業秘密の保護に着手しましょう。まず、自社の資産、アクセスできる人、守秘義務を定めた契約の目録を作成することから始めましょう。営業秘密について何をすべきか(そして何をすべきでないか!)を従業員が理解できるように、従業員を訓練することができます。

Don’t’ let fear of not achieving perfection stop you from doing a good or even great job in protecting your assets.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row]

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