企業秘密の)石から血を得る!

営業秘密保護法(DTSA)に基づく内部告発者免責の理解
Last Updated: 12月 7, 2025
Updated by: Chris Buntel

Table Of Content

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner css=”%7B%22default%22%3A%7B%22margin-bottom%22%3A%222rem%22%7D%7D”][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Do you know your specific blood type – like O positive or AB negative? Of course! Do you know your specific trade secrets that were taken? You should!

従業員がアリファックス社を退職し、競合のアルコー社に入社。アリファックス社は血液分析を行うための臨床機器を製造している。1年も経たないうちに(とても早い!)、Alcor社はAlifax社の製品と同じ機能を持つ競合機器をリリースした。

Alifax sued the ex-employee and Alcor for trade secret misappropriation (among other things like patent infringement and copyright infringement which were both later dropped). They used the Rhode Island Uniform Trade Secret Act because in 2014 the DTSA was not yet enacted (happened two years later in 2016).[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/2″][us_image image=”970″ link=”%7B%22url%22%3A%22%22%7D”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]Alifax claimed that two different trade secrets were stolen – the first on conversion of photometric measurements, and the second on signal acquisition.
裁判では、陪審員は転用を営業秘密の不正流用と認定したが、裁判所は、信号取得に営業秘密が関与したという証拠はなかったと述べた。裁判終了後、裁判所は評決が証拠と矛盾しているとして再審を認めた。

連邦巡回控訴裁の控訴審では多くの主張と反訴があったが、営業秘密の定義において具体的であることの必要性について、いくつかのコメントが特に示唆に富んでいる。

連邦巡回控訴裁は、「アリファックス社は、信号取得の営業秘密とされるものを十分に詳しく説明しなかっただけでなく、その適切な範囲を特定することもできなかった」と述べた。

アリファックス社は、信号取得の営業秘密は「血液サンプルから光信号を取得する方法」であると主張した。しかし、この定義は、主張された営業秘密の目的を詳細に説明することなく、大まかに要約したにすぎない。

営業秘密の所有者の責任は、「営業秘密の各要素が満たされていることを示すために、営業秘密を十分に詳細に説明すること」であるが、アリファックス社はこれをしなかった。

見てください: https://cafc.uscourts.gov/opinions-orders/22-1641.OPINION.6-11-2024_2331919.pdf

唐突な視点

アリファックス事件は、営業秘密の所有者に対し、不正流用された営業秘密が実際にどのようなものであるかについて、ますます具体的に説明することを要求する一連の判例の最新版である。他のあらゆる貴重な企業資産は十分に特定されており、営業秘密も同様であるべきである。

Being specific is in fact the first of Tangibly’s five “best practices” for effective trade secret management. Trade secret owners should make it easy for the court to identify the trade secret and to see that it was misappropriated by the defendant.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

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